Buying and selling goods and services using bitcoin, a digital money that resides on a shared ledger across a worldwide network of computers, requires a dependable, fast internet connection and broad access to computers or cellphones.
Despite this, the Central African Republic has an internet penetration rate of about 11%, or around 550,000 individuals online last year, according to the DataReportal website. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit, just around 14% of people have access to power, and fewer than half have a mobile phone connection.
Four analysts and crypto specialists stated that adopting bitcoin in one of the world's poorest nations, with low internet usage, extensive warfare, unreliable energy, and a populace that is mostly unaware of cryptocurrency, would be difficult.
In a statement released on Wednesday, the Central African Republic gave little information on how it intended to solve these issues. It did not reply to a request for comment from Reuters.
The decision, according to the government, made the Central African Republic one of the world's "most imaginative nations," but locals in Bangui, where most people use mobile money to purchase items and pay bills, were perplexed.
"What is Bitcoin?" you may wonder. "What can bitcoin offer to our country?" Auguste Agou, who operates a local forestry firm in Bangui, remarked on Thursday.
After El Salvador, the African country of 4.8 million people is the second in the world to use bitcoin.
A tiny but growing network of corporate and individual crypto users already existed before the Central American nation legalized bitcoin as legal cash in June. However, internet faults have hindered its usage in commerce.
"We do not expect widespread adoption of cryptocurrencies in the country, given the enormous barriers to adoption and risks associated with use, as well as the seemingly limited upsides," said Nathan Hayes, an analyst at the Economist Intelligence Unit.
Chainalysis, a crypto use tracker based in the United States, has no data on the Central African Republic, which has been wracked by turmoil for years and is home to Russian mercenaries assisting the government in its fight against rebel groups.
IMF CAUTION
Some argue that by embracing bitcoin, the Central African Republic is sending a statement about the Central African CFA franc, a regional currency managed by the Bank of Central African States (BEAC) and tied to the euro that is used by six countries.
The BEAC is required under the monetary union to keep at least 50% of its foreign assets with the French Treasury, a requirement that has been criticized as stifling economic growth.
According to Rahul Shah, director of financials equities research at Tellimer, Bangui's crypto move "reflects regional dissatisfaction about the usage of the CFA franc, with its colonial implications."
Other cryptocurrency supporters saw it as a criticism to the CFA franc.
"In terms of development, Central Africa is significantly behind," said Chris Maurice, CEO of crypto exchange Yellow Card Financial, which has roughly a million members in 16 African nations and is authorised to operate in the CFA franc region.
"To the French economic system, it's a gigantic middle finger."
On Wednesday, a BEAC representative told Reuters that it had not been informed in advance and that no answer had been received. On Thursday, the BEAC did not respond to calls for comment.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF), which had persuaded El Salvador to abandon its plan to declare bitcoin legal money in January, has expressed reservations about the Central African Republic's proposal.
"It's critical not to consider such things as a solution for the economic issues that our nations confront," IMF Africa Department Director Abebe Aemro Selassie said during a news conference on the organization's economic forecast for Sub-Saharan Africa.
"You must ensure that the legal structure, in terms of money flow transparency, and the governance framework that surrounds it, are all solidly in place."
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